前言
之前的文章编写了一个返回json的例子,直接用浏览器进行get请求虽然成功了, 但是接口文档的样式很难看, 不好用. 而且提示没有访问权限.
我们一般都希望能够直接在接口文档中进行请求, 以测试接口, 本篇文章中会给出一个自定义swagger(openapi)的例子. 使接口文档变得美观可用, 可以填写参数, 可以进行请求以观察数据格式, 测试接口是否可用.
环境
workon python35 pip list
chardet (3.0.4) coreapi (2.3.3) coreschema (0.0.4) Django (1.11.6) django-rest-swagger (2.1.2) django-simple-serializer (2.0.7) djangorestframework (3.7.1<a>本文来源gao($daima.com搞@代@#码8网^</a>) future (0.16.0) idna (2.6) itypes (1.1.0) Jinja2 (2.9.6) MarkupSafe (1.0) openapi-codec (1.3.2) pip (9.0.1) pytz (2017.2) requests (2.18.4) setuptools (36.6.0) simplejson (3.11.1) uritemplate (3.0.0) urllib3 (1.22) wheel (0.30.0)
阿里云的源中 最新版的django-rest-frmework版本为3.7.1
3.6 与 3.7的结构稍有不同. 我之前用3.6, 但是以下对swagger的修改以3.7.1版本为基准. 理解原理之后不同版本只需要稍作修改即可.
第一步修改配置
进入settings.py 文件, 确保INSTALLED_APPS中包含rest_framework
INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'rest_framework', 'rest_framework_swagger', 'mytest', ]
我们导入了三个框架
- rest_framework
- rest_framework_swagger
- mytest (之前的文章中编写简单接口的app)
然后在settings.py 文件中添加以下代码
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
# 下面这一行表示接口文档的访问权限, AllowAny不做权限限制.
'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': ('rest_framework.permissions.AllowAny',),
# 'PAGE_SIZE': 10,
'PAGINATE_BY':10,
}
SWAGGER_SETTINGS = {
# 基础样式
'SECURITY_DEFINITIONS': {
"basic":{
'type': 'basic'
}
},
# 如果需要登录才能够查看接口文档, 登录的链接使用restframework自带的.
'LOGIN_URL': 'rest_framework:login',
'LOGOUT_URL': 'rest_framework:logout',
# 'DOC_EXPANSION': None,
# 'SHOW_REQUEST_HEADERS':True,
# 'USE_SESSION_AUTH': True,
# 'DOC_EXPANSION': 'list',
# 接口文档中方法列表以首字母升序排列
'APIS_SORTER': 'alpha',
# 如果支持json提交, 则接口文档中包含json输入框
'JSON_EDITOR': True,
# 方法列表字母排序
'OPERATIONS_SORTER': 'alpha',
'VALIDATOR_URL': None,
}
第二步编写自定义的swagger接口文档页面.
思路:
之前urls.py中的接口文档页面来自这里
from rest_framework.schemas import get_schema_view
查看源码, 继承schema, 返回schema的子类即可.
接下来编写自己的schema
from rest_framework.permissions import AllowAny
from rest_framework.schemas import SchemaGenerator
from rest_framework.schemas.generators import LinkNode, insert_into
from rest_framework.renderers import *
from rest_framework_swagger import renderers
from rest_framework.response import Response
# from rest_framework.schemas import SchemaGenerator
class MySchemaGenerator(SchemaGenerator):
def get_links(self, request=None):
# from rest_framework.schemas.generators import LinkNode,
links = LinkNode()
paths = []
view_endpoints = []
for path, method, callback in self.endpoints:
view = self.create_view(callback, method, request)
path = self.coerce_path(path, method, view)
paths.append(path)
view_endpoints.append((path, method, view))
# Only generate the path prefix for paths that will be included
if not paths:
return None
prefix = self.determine_path_prefix(paths)
for path, method, view in view_endpoints:
if not self.has_view_permissions(path, method, view):
continue
link = view.schema.get_link(path, method, base_url=self.url)
# 添加下面这一行方便在views编写过程中自定义参数.
link._fields += self.get_core_fields(view)
subpath = path[len(prefix):]
keys = self.get_keys(subpath, method, view)
# from rest_framework.schemas.generators import LinkNode, insert_into
insert_into(links, keys, link)
return links
# 从类中取出我们自定义的参数, 交给swagger 以生成接口文档.
def get_core_fields(self, view):
return getattr(view, 'coreapi_fields', ())
class SwaggerSchemaView(APIView):
_ignore_model_permissions = True
exclude_from_schema = True
# from rest_framework.permissions import AllowAny
permission_classes = [AllowAny]
# from rest_framework_swagger import renderers
# from rest_framework.renderers import *
renderer_classes = [
CoreJSONRenderer,
renderers.OpenAPIRenderer,
renderers.SwaggerUIRenderer
]
def get(self, request):
generator = MySchemaGenerator(title='xxxxx',
description='''xxxxx''')
schema = generator.get_schema(request=request)
# from rest_framework.response import Response
return Response(schema)
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转载请注明原文链接：django-rest-framework 自定义swagger过程详解
转载请注明原文链接：django-rest-framework 自定义swagger过程详解
