详解python中lower和upper函数的使用

今天遇到一点小问题，需要编写一个程序将List 中的无规则英文名按【首字母大写其余部分小写】的方式转换

一开始的思路是编写一个函数将每个名字字符串【str】进行处理，如何用map进行批处理

不得不说，大方向的思路是正确的，但在细节的处理上出了些问题

最开始我是这样写名字处理函数的：

[python] view plain copydef change (name)      result = name[0].upper()      for a in name[1:len(name)]:          result = result + a.lower()

然后运行会报错

[python] view plain copyE:\PythonFile>python practice.py    File "practice.py", line 6      for a in name(1:len(name)-1) :                     ^  SyntaxError: invalid syntax    E:\PythonFile>python practice.py  Traceback (most recent call last):    File "practice.py", line 11, in <module>      name_li = map (change, name_list)    File "practice.py", line 6, in change      for a in name(1,len(name)-1) :  TypeError: 'str' object is not callable    E:\PythonFile>python practice.py  Traceback (most recent call last):    File "practice.py", line 9, in <module>      name_li = map (change, name_list)    File "practice.py", line 5, in change      name[0] = name[0].upper()  TypeError: 'str' object does not support item assignment    E:\PythonFile>python practice.py  Traceback (most recent call last):    File "practice.py", line 10, in <module>      name_li = map (change, name_list)    File "practice.py", line 6, in change      name[0] = tmp  TypeError: 'str' object does not support item assignment    E:\PythonFile>python  Python 2.7.9 (default, Dec 10 2014, 12:24:55) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win  32  Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.  >>> l = 'zxcv'  >>> print l[0]  z  >>> print l[0].upper  <built-in method upper of str object at 0x02148740>  >>> print l[0].upper()  Z  >>> z  Traceback (most recent call last):    File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>  NameError: name 'z' is not defined  >>> ^Z      E:\PythonFile>p<strong style="color:transparent">本文来源gao@daima#com搞(%代@#码@网&</strong>ython practice.py  Traceback (most recent call last):    File "practice.py", line 9, in <module>      name_li = map (change, name_list)    File "practice.py", line 6, in change      name[0] = tmp  TypeError: 'str' object does not support item assignment    E:\PythonFile>python practice.py  Traceback (most recent call last):    File "practice.py", line 13, in <module>      name_li = map (change, name_list)    File "practice.py", line 5, in change      tmp = chr(name[0])  TypeError: an integer is required

试过几次后发现大致意思是对字符串的处理不能这么做，于是查了upper（）和lower()的用法，发现这两个函数就是直接作用于str的，所以根本不需要这么麻烦。

修改后：

[python] view plain copy# practice.py  # Change the first char in every name from lower type to upper type    def change (name):      result =  name[0:1].upper()+name[1:len(name)].lower()      return result    name_list = ['kzd','ysy','kcw','scr','ky']  name_li = map (change, name_list)  print name_l

运行结果：

[python] view plain copyE:\PythonFile>python practice.py  ['Kzd', 'Ysy', 'Kcw', 'Scr', 'Ky']

错误在于我企图对字符串中的元素进行赋值替换，这是不允许的。

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