需求分析：
项目中根据测得的数据在界面上实时绘制
运行环境：
Python 3.7 + Matplotlib 3.0.2 + PyQt 5
matplot官网给的相应的例子：
import sys
import time
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.backends.qt_compat import QtCore, QtWidgets, is_pyqt5
if is_pyqt5():
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import (
FigureCanvas, NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar)
else:
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import (
FigureCanvas, NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar)
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
class ApplicationWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self._main = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.setCentralWidget(self._main)
layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self._main)
static_canvas = FigureCanvas(Figure(figsize=(5, 3)))
layout.addWidget(static_canvas)
self.addToolBar(NavigationToolbar(static_canvas, self))
dynamic_canvas = FigureCanvas(Figure(figsize=(5, 3)))
layout.addWidget(dynamic_canvas)
self.addToolBar(QtCore.Qt.BottomToolBarArea,
NavigationToolbar(dynamic_canvas, self))
self._static_ax = static_canvas.figure.subplots()
t = np.linspace(0, 10, 501)
self._static_ax.plot(t, np.tan(t), ".")
self._dynamic_ax = dynamic_canvas.figure.subplots()
self._timer = dynamic_canvas.new_timer(
100, [(self._update_canvas, (), {})])
self._timer.start()
def _update_canvas(self):
self._dynamic_ax.clear()
t = np.linspace(0, 10, 101)
# Shift the sinusoid as a function of time.
self._dynamic_ax.plot(t, np.sin(t + time.time()))
self._dynamic_ax.figure.canvas.draw()
if __name__ == "__main__":
qapp = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
app = ApplicationWindow()
app.show()
qapp.exec_()
上图中的散点为静止的，下面的图为动态的，类似行波，一直在行走，是应为用了**self._dynamic_ax.plot(t, np.sin(t + time.time()))**函数，但是这个和我想得实时画图不太一样，在项目中要根据生成的数据实时绘图，因此x轴的元素和y轴的元素个数是逐渐增加的。
通过阅读上述 _update_canvas 函数代码以及 dynamic_canvas.new_timer 可以使得每次调用_update_canvas是的相应的x的元素和y轴的元素增加更改后的代码如下：
import sys
import time
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.backends.qt_compat import QtCore, QtWidgets, is_pyqt5
if is_pyqt5():
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import (
FigureCanvas, NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar)
else:
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import (
FigureCanvas, NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar)
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
class ApplicationWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self._main = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.setCentralWidget(self._main)
layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self._main)
static_canvas = FigureCanvas(Figure(figsize=(5, 3)))
layout.addWidget(static_canvas)
self.addToolBar(NavigationToolbar(static_canvas, self))
dynamic_canvas = FigureCanvas(Figure(figsize=(5, 3)))
layout.addWidget(dynamic_canvas)
self.addToolBar(QtCore.Qt.BottomToolBarArea,
NavigationToolbar(dynamic_canvas, self))
self._static_ax = static_canvas.figure.subplots()
t = np.linspace(0, 10, 501)
self._static_ax.plot(t, np.tan(t), ".")
self.x = [] #建立空的x轴数组和y轴数组
self.y = []
self.n = 0
self._dynamic_ax = dynamic_canvas.figure.subplots()
self._timer = dynamic_canvas.new_timer(
100, [(self._update_canvas, (), {})])
self._timer.start()
def _update_canvas(self):
self.n += 1
if self.n == 200: #画200个点就停止，根据实际情况确定终止条件
self._timer.stop()
self._dynamic_ax.clear()
self.x.append(np.pi/100*self.n) #x加入一个值，后一个值比前一个大pi/100
xx = np.array(self.x)
# t = np.linspace<p style="color:transparent">本文来源gao!%daima.com搞$代*!码网1</p>(0, 10, 101)
# Shift the sinusoid as a function of time.
self._dynamic_ax.plot(xx, np.sin(xx))
self._dynamic_ax.set_xlim(0,7)
self._dynamic_ax.set_ylim(-1,1)
self._dynamic_ax.figure.canvas.draw()
if __name__ == "__main__":
qapp = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
app = ApplicationWindow()
app.show()
qapp.exec_()
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转载请注明原文链接：Pyqt+matplotlib 实现实时画图案例
转载请注明原文链接：Pyqt+matplotlib 实现实时画图案例
