这篇文章主要介绍了Python中使用dom模块生成XML文件示例,本文讲解了dom模块的主要方法、详细的代码实例,需要的朋友可以参考下
在Python中解析XML文件也有Dom和Sax两种方式，这里先介绍如何是使用Dom解析XML，这一篇文章是Dom生成XML文件，下一篇文章再继续介绍Dom解析XML文件。
在生成XML文件中，我们主要使用下面的方法来完成。
主要方法
1、生成XML节点(node)
代码如下:
createElement(“node_name”)
2、给节点添加属性值(Attribute)
代码如下:
node.setAttribute(“att_name”, “arr_value”)
3、节点的标签值(data)
代码如下:
createTextNode(“node_value”)
其中第1、3点在创建完节点(节点值)之后，还需使用下面的方法添加到指点的节点的位置下面：
代码如下:
prev_node.appendChild(cur_node)
这里的prev_node要添加节点的上一层节点，而cur_node即为当前要添加的节点了。
代码演示
下面用代码来演示下如何使用Dom来生成XML，这个是简单版本，如下：
代码如下:
”’
Created on 2012-8-28
@author: walfred
@module: domxml.genXML
@description:
”’
import xml.dom.minidom as Dom
if __name__ == “__main__”:
doc = Dom.Document()
root_node = doc.createElement(“book_store”)
root_node.setAttribute(“name”, “newhua”)
root_node.setAttribute(“website”, “https://www.gaodaima.com”
doc.appendChild(root_node)
book_node = doc.createElement(“book1”)
book_name_node = doc.createElement(“name”)
book_name_value = doc.createTextNode(“hamlet”)
book_name_node.appendChild(book_name_value)
book_node.appendChild(book_name_node)
book_author_node = doc.createElement(“author”)
book_author_value = doc.createTextNode(“William Shakespeare”)
book_author_node.appendChild(book_author_value)
book_node.appendChild(book_author_node)
root_node.appendChild(book_node)
f = open(“book_store.xml”, “w”)
f.write(doc.toprettyxml(indent = “\t”, newl = “\n”, encoding = “utf-8”))
f.close()
Created on 2012-8-28
@author: walfred
@module: domxml.genXML
@description:
”’
import xml.dom.minidom as Dom
if __name__ == “__main__”:
doc = Dom.Document()
root_node = doc.createElement(“book_store”)
root_node.setAttribute(“name”, “newhua”)
root_node.setAttribute(“website”, “https://www.gaodaima.com”
doc.appendChild(root_node)
book_node = doc.createElement(“book1”)
book_name_node = doc.createElement(“name”)
book_name_value = doc.createTextNode(“hamlet”)
book_name_node.appendChild(book_name_value)
book_node.appendChild(book_name_node)
book_author_node = doc.createElement(“author”)
book_author_value = doc.createTextNode(“William Shakespeare”)
book_author_node.appendChild(book_author_value)
book_node.appendChild(book_author_node)
root_node.appendChild(book_node)
f = open(“book_store.xml”, “w”)
f.write(doc.toprettyxml(indent = “\t”, newl = “\n”, encoding = “utf-8”))
f.close()
这个代码将在当前目录下生成一个book_store.xml文件，我把它也贴在下面：
代码如下:
hamlet
William Shakespeare
当然一旦你掌握了这些基本方法之后，我们可以用一个类来更好的完成，这个类我们称之为XMLGenerator，代码如下：
代码如下:
”’
Created on 2012-8-28
@author: walfred
@module: domxml.wXMLbyDom
@description:
”’
import xml.dom.minidom as Dom
class XMLGenerator:
def __init__(self, xml_name):
self.doc = Dom.Document()
self.xml_name = xml_name
def createNode(self, node_name):
return self.doc.createElement(node_name)
def addNode(self, node, prev_node = None):
cur_node = node
if prev_node is not None:
prev_node.appendChild(cur_node)
else:
self.doc.appendChild(cur_node)
return cur_node
def setNodeAttr(self, node, att_name, value):
cur_node = node
cur_node.setAttribute(att_name, val来源gao.dai.ma.com搞@代*码网ue)
def setNodeValue(self, cur_node, value):
node_data = self.doc.createTextNode(value)
cur_node.appendChild(node_data)
def genXml(self):
f = open(self.xml_name, “w”)
f.write(self.doc.toprettyxml(indent = “\t”, newl = “\n”, encoding = “utf-8”))
f.close()
if __name__ == “__main__”:
myXMLGenerator = XMLGenerator(“book_store.xml”)
#xml root node
node_book_store = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“book_store”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeAttr(node_book_store, “name”, “new hua”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeAttr(node_book_store, “website”, “https://www.gaodaima.com”
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node = node_book_store)
#book01
node_book_01 = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“book”)
node_book_01_name = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“name”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_01_name, “Hamlet”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01_name, node_book_01)
node_book_01_author = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“author”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_01_author, “William Shakespeare”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01_author, node_book_01)
node_book_01_price = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“price”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_01_price, “$20”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01_price, node_book_01)
node_book_01_grade = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“grade”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_01_grade, “good”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01_grade, node_book_01)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01, node_book_store)
#book 02
node_book_02 = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“book”)
node_book_02_name = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“name”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_02_name, “shuihu”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02_name, node_book_02)
node_book_02_author = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“author”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_02_author, “naian shi”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02_author, node_book_02)
node_book_02_price = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“price”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_02_price, “$200”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02_price, node_book_02)
node_book_02_grade = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“grade”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_02_grade, “good”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02_grade, node_book_02)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02, node_book_store)
#gen
myXMLGenerator.genXml()
Created on 2012-8-28
@author: walfred
@module: domxml.wXMLbyDom
@description:
”’
import xml.dom.minidom as Dom
class XMLGenerator:
def __init__(self, xml_name):
self.doc = Dom.Document()
self.xml_name = xml_name
def createNode(self, node_name):
return self.doc.createElement(node_name)
def addNode(self, node, prev_node = None):
cur_node = node
if prev_node is not None:
prev_node.appendChild(cur_node)
else:
self.doc.appendChild(cur_node)
return cur_node
def setNodeAttr(self, node, att_name, value):
cur_node = node
cur_node.setAttribute(att_name, val来源gao.dai.ma.com搞@代*码网ue)
def setNodeValue(self, cur_node, value):
node_data = self.doc.createTextNode(value)
cur_node.appendChild(node_data)
def genXml(self):
f = open(self.xml_name, “w”)
f.write(self.doc.toprettyxml(indent = “\t”, newl = “\n”, encoding = “utf-8”))
f.close()
if __name__ == “__main__”:
myXMLGenerator = XMLGenerator(“book_store.xml”)
#xml root node
node_book_store = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“book_store”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeAttr(node_book_store, “name”, “new hua”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeAttr(node_book_store, “website”, “https://www.gaodaima.com”
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node = node_book_store)
#book01
node_book_01 = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“book”)
node_book_01_name = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“name”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_01_name, “Hamlet”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01_name, node_book_01)
node_book_01_author = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“author”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_01_author, “William Shakespeare”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01_author, node_book_01)
node_book_01_price = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“price”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_01_price, “$20”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01_price, node_book_01)
node_book_01_grade = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“grade”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_01_grade, “good”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01_grade, node_book_01)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01, node_book_store)
#book 02
node_book_02 = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“book”)
node_book_02_name = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“name”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_02_name, “shuihu”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02_name, node_book_02)
node_book_02_author = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“author”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_02_author, “naian shi”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02_author, node_book_02)
node_book_02_price = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“price”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_02_price, “$200”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02_price, node_book_02)
node_book_02_grade = myXMLGenerator.createNode(“grade”)
myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_02_grade, “good”)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02_grade, node_book_02)
myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02, node_book_store)
#gen
myXMLGenerator.genXml()
同样这个方法会在本目录下生成一个book_store.xml文件，如下：
代码如下:
Hamlet
William Shakespeare
$20
good
shuihu
naian shi
$200
good
这个版本算一个稍微高级的版本，但由于时间有限还很显得粗糙，读者可以发挥出更好的。
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