Laravel 5框架学习之Eloquent （laravel 的ORM）

Laravel 的 Eloquent ORM 提供了漂亮、简洁的 ActiveRecord 实现来和数据库的互动。每个数据库表会和一个对应的「模型」互动。在开始之前，记得把 config/database.php 里的数据库连接配置好。

我们来生成第一个模型

代码如下:

 php artisan make:model Article
 #输出
 Model created successfully.
 Created Migration: 2015_03_28_062517_create_articles_table

查看一下生成的文件 app/Article.php

 <?php namespace App; use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model; class Article extends Model { // }

没什么特别的，除了继承自 Model 以外，但是具有强大的功能，这些都封装在laravel的Model中。模型自动具有了 save() update() findXXX() 等强大的功能。

tinker 是 laravel提供的命令行工具，可以和项目进行交互。

 php artisan tinker #以下是在tinker中的交互输入 Psy Shell v0.4.1 (PHP 5.4.16 ― cli) by Justin Hileman >>> $name = 'zhang jinglin'; => "zhang jinglin" >>> $name => "zhang jinglin" >>> $article = new App\Article; =>  {} >>> $article->title = 'My First Article'; => "My First Article" >>> $article->body = 'Some content...'; => "Some content..." >>> $article->published_at = Carbon\Carbon::now(); =>  { date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22", timezone_type: 3, timezone: "UTC" } >>> $article; =>  { title: "My First Article", body: "Some content...", published_at:  { date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22", timezone_type: 3, timezone: "UTC" } } >>> $article->toArray(); => [ "title"    => "My First Article", "body"     => "Some content...", "published_at" =>  { date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22", timezone_type: 3, timezone: "UTC" } ] >>> $article->save(); => true #查看数据结果，添加了一条记录 >>> App\Article::all()->toArray(); => [ [ "id"      => "1", "title"    => "My First Article", "body"     => "Some content...", "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22", "created_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:38:53", "updated_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:38:53" ] ] >>> $article->title = 'My First Update Title'; => "My First Update Title" >>> $article->save(); => true >>> App\Article::all()->toArray(); => [ [ "id"      => "1", "title"    => "My First Update Title", "body"     => "Some content...", "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22", "created_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:38:53", "updated_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:42:03" ] ] >>> $article = App\Article::find(1); =>  { id: "1", title: "My First Update Title", body: "Some content...", published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22", created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53", updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03" } >>> $article = App\Article::where('body', 'Some content...')->get(); =>  [  { id: "1", title: "My First Update Title", body: "Some content...", published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22", created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53", updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03" } ] >>> $article = App\Article::where('body', 'Some content...')->first(); =>  { id: "1", title: "My First Update Title", body: "Some content...", published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22", created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53", updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03" } >>> >>> $article = App\Article::create(['title' => 'New Article', 'body' => 'New body', 'published_at' => Carbon\Carbon::now()]); Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\MassAssignmentException with message 'title'

MassAssignmentException，laravel保护我们不能直接插入记录。比如，在一些特殊情况下我们需要直接利用表单的信息填充数据库记录，但是如果我们并没有在表单中添加密码字段，而黑客产生了密码字段连同我们的其他字段一起送回服务器，这将产生修改密码的危险，所以我们必须明确的告诉laravel我们的模型那些字段是可以直接填充的。

修改我们的模型文件 Article.php

 <?php namespace App; use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model; class Article extends Model { protected $fillable = [ 'title', 'body', 'published_at' ]; }

表示，title, body, published_at 是可以直接填充的。

退出 tinker，重新进入

 >>> $article = App\Article::create(['title' => 'New Article', 'body' => 'New body', 'published_at' => Carbon\Carbon::now()]); =>  { title: "New Article", body: "New body", published_at:  { date: "2015-03-28 06:55:19", timezone_type: 3, timezone: "UTC" }, updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19", created_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19", id: 2 } # It's ok >>> App\Article::all()->toArray(); => [ [ "id"      => "1", "title"    => "My First Update Title", "body"     => "Some content...", "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22", "created_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:38:53", "updated_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:42:03" ], [ "id"      => "2", "title"    => "New Article", "body"     => "New body", "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:55:19", "created_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:55:19", "updated_at"  => "2015-03-28 06:55:19" ] ] >>> $article = App\Article::find(2); =>  { id: "2", title: "New Article", body: "New body", published_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19", created_at: "2015-03-28 06:<em style="color:transparent">来源gao.dai.ma.com搞@代*码网</em>55:19", updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19" } >>> $article->update(['body' => 'New Updaet Body']); => true #update自动调用save()

以上所述就是本文的全部内容了，希望能够对大家学习Laravel5框架有所帮助。

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