mysql_字符集设置
Linux Ubuntu
ubuntu上mysql默认安装使用的字符集是latin1。
1 查看字符集支持
show character set;
mysql> show character set;
+———-+—————————–+———————+——–+
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
+———-+—————————–+———————+——–+
| big5 | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 |
| dec8 | DEC West European | dec8_swedish_ci | 1 |
| cp850 | DOS West European | cp850_general_ci | 1 |
| hp8 | HP West European | hp8_english_ci | 1 |
| koi8r | KOI8-R Relcom Russian | koi8r_general_ci | 1 |
| latin1 | cp1252 West European | latin1_swedish_ci | 1 |
| latin2 | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci | 1 |
| swe7 | 7bit Swedish | swe7_swedish_ci | 1 |
| ascii | US ASCII | ascii_general_ci | 1 |
| ujis | EUC-JP Japanese | ujis_japanese_ci | 3 |
| sjis | Shift-JIS Japanese | sjis_japanese_ci | 2 |
| hebrew | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew | hebrew_general_ci | 1 |
| tis620 | TIS620 Thai | tis620_thai_ci | 1 |
| euckr | EUC-KR Korean | euckr_korean_ci | 2 |
| koi8u | KOI8-U Ukrainian | koi8u_general_ci | 1 |
| gb2312 | GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2 |
| greek | ISO 8859-7 Greek | greek_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1250 | Windows Central European | cp1250_general_ci | 1 |
| gbk | GBK Simplified Chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 |
| latin5 | ISO 8859-9 Turkish | latin5_turkish_ci | 1 |
| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian | armscii8_general_ci | 1 |
| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 |
| ucs2 | UCS-2 Unicode | ucs2_general_ci | 2 |
| cp866 | DOS Russian | cp866_general_ci | 1 |
| keybcs2 | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak | keybcs2_general_ci | 1 |
| macce | Mac Central European | macce_general_ci | 1 |
| macroman | Mac West European | macroman_general_ci | 1 |
| cp852 | DOS Central European | cp852_general_ci | 1 |
| latin7 | ISO 8859-13 Baltic | latin7_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1251 | Windows Cyrillic | cp1251_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1256 | Windows Arabic | cp1256_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1257 | Windows Baltic | cp1257_general_ci | 1 |
| binary | Binary pseudo charset | binary | 1 |
| geostd8 | GEOSTD8 Georgian | geostd8_general_ci | 1 |
| cp932 | SJIS for Windows Japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2 |
| eucjpms | UJIS for Windows Japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3 |
+———-+—————————–+———————+——–+
36 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2 查看字符集相关变量
show variables like “character_set%”;
mysql> show variables like ‘characte%’;
+————————–+—————————-+
| Variable_name | Value |
+————————–+—————————-+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+————————–+—————————-+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3 设置默认字符集
为解决乱码问题，最简单的办法就是修改默认字符集。修改默认字符集为utf8：
找到/etc/mysql/my.cnf，
在[mysqld]下加上：default-character-set=utf8
·［client］ default-character-set=utf8 ### ·［mysqld］ default-character-set=utf8 skip-character-set-client-handshake ###此处是忽略客户端的字符集，使用服务器的设置
欢迎大家阅读《Mysql_字符集设立》,跪求各位点评，by 搞代码
注意：
（skip语句和client中的default选一个）
当然你可以在建立数据库是规定字符集：
create database db_name default character set utf8 callate utf8-general-ci；
也可以在链接数据库前设置：set names ‘utf8’；
或者如果装了桌面系统，可以用mysqladmin修改启动参数，选项Advanced里的Def.CharSet修改成utf8，保存重启，不过一般用户无法修改这个选项。可以用root用户打开my.cnf修改。
4 linux下启动、停止与重启
/etc/init.d/mysql start/stop/restart
5. 重新连接数据库（注意，不重新连接的话，还是原来的值）
mysql> show variables like ‘characte%’;
+————————–+—————————-+
| Variable_name | Value |
+————————–+—————————-+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+————————–+—————————-+
好了：变成utf8编码了！
参考：http://depravedangel.iteye.com/blog/661748
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