yum命令 是在Fedora和RedHat以及SUSE中基于rpm的软件包管理器,它能够使系统管理人员交互和自动化地更新与治理RPM软件包,可能从指定的服务器主动下载RPM包并且装置,能够主动解决依赖性关系,并且一次装置所有依赖的软体包,毋庸繁琐地一次次下载、装置。
yum提供了查找、装置、删除某一个、一组甚至全副软件包的命令,而且命令简洁而又好记。
命令格局
yum(选项)(参数)
命令选项
- -h:显示帮忙信息;
- -y:对所有的发问都答复“yes”;
- -c:指定配置文件;
- -q:宁静模式;
- -v:具体模式;
- -d:设置调试等级(0-10);
- -e:设置谬误等级(0-10);
- -R:设置yum解决一个命令的最大等待时间;
- -C:齐全从缓存中运行,而不去下载或者更新任何头文件
命令参数
- install:装置rpm软件包;
- update:更新rpm软件包;
- check-update:查看是否有可用的更新rpm软件包;
- remove:删除指定的rpm软件包;
- list:显示软件包的信息;
- search:查看软件包的信息;
- info:显示指定的rpm软件包的形容信息和概要信息;
- clean:清理yum过期的缓存;
- shell:进入yum的shell提示符;
- resolvedep:显示rpm软件包的依赖关系;
- localinstall:装置本地的rpm软件包;
- localupdate:显示本地rpm软件包进行更新;
- deplist:显示rpm软件包的所有依赖关系。
主动搜寻最快镜像插件
> yum install yum-fastestmirror
查看可能批量装置的列表
> yum grouplist Available Environment Groups: Minimal Install Compute Node Infrastructure Server File and Print Server Cinnamon Desktop MATE Desktop Basic Web Server Virtualization Host Server with GUI GNOME Desktop KDE Plasma Workspaces Development and Creative Workstation Available Groups: Cinnamon Compatibility Libraries Console Internet Tools Development Tools Educational Software Electronic Lab Fedora Packager General Purpose Desktop Graphical Administration Tools Haskell LXQt Desktop Legacy UNIX Compatibility MATE Milkymist Scientific Support Security Tools Smart Card Support System Administration Tools System Management TurboGears application framework Xfce Done
比方:
yum groupinstall "Basic Web Server"
装置redis
> yum install redis -y
更新零碎中所有的RPM
包
> yum update
更新指定的软件包(如:redis)
> yum update redis
查看可更新的程序
> yum check-update
查看零碎中是否装置某个软件(如:nginx)
> yum list installed | grep nginx
显示安装包信息
> yum info nginx Installed Packages Name : nginx Arch : x86_64 Epoch : 1 Version : 1.16.1 Release : 1.el7.ngx Size : 2.7 M Repo : installed From repo : nginx Summary : High performance web server URL : http://nginx.org/ License : 2-clause BSD-like license Description : nginx [engine x] is an HTTP and reverse proxy server, as well as : a mail proxy server. Available Packages Name : nginx Arch : x86_64 Epoch : 1 Version : 1.18.0 Release : 2.el7.ngx Size : 769 k Repo : nginx/x86_64 Summary : High performance web server URL : http://nginx.org/ License : 2-clause BSD-like license Description : nginx [engine x] is an HTTP and reverse proxy server, as well as : a mail proxy server.
显示所有曾经装置和能够装置的程序包
> yum list
显示指定程序包装置状况
> yum list nginx
删除程序包
> yum remove nginx
查看软件包的依赖状况
> yum deplist nginx
革除缓存目录下的软件包
> yum clean packages
革除缓存目录下的 headers
> yum clean headers
革除缓存目录下旧的 headers
> yum clean oldheaders
分明缓存目录下的所有软件包及旧的headers
> yum clean all
强制解除yum锁定
> rm -rf /var/run/yum.pid
yum减速更新国内源
> cd /etc/yum.repos.d > mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bk //更新为阿里云的源 > wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo //更新为163的源 > wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo //更新为搜狐的源 > wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.sohu.com/help/CentOS-Base-sohu.repo > yum clean all > yum makecache
原文链接:https://rumenz.com/rumenbiji/…
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