YII 的源码分析(三)
前面已经看完了启动一个yii程序所要经过的流程,以及渲染一个页面是怎么完成的。今天要分析的是yii是如何处理用户请求的。也就是控制和动作部分。
还是以helloworld为例演示这一过程。我们在地址栏输入http://localhost/study/yii/demos/helloworld/index.php,页面就显示了hello world.
前面的分析都是用的默认值,但是如果url有参数的时候,yii又是怎么处理的呢?带着这个问题,我们具体来分析一下。
在CWebApplication中有这样一行代码:
<span style="color: #800080">$route</span>=<span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->getUrlManager()->parseUrl(<span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->getRequest());
这就是传说中的路由了,是不是有点小鸡冻呢?先看看getUrlManager是个神马。
<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span><span style="color: #000000"> getUrlManager() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> <span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->getComponent('urlManager'<span style="color: #000000">); }</span>
这个又要通过找关系了.
<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span> getComponent(<span style="color: #800080">$id</span>,<span style="color: #800080">$createIfNull</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff">true</span><span style="color: #000000">) { </span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->_components[<span style="color: #800080">$id</span><span style="color: #000000">])) </span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> <span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->_components[<span style="color: #800080">$id</span><span style="color: #000000">]; </span><span style="color: #0000ff">elseif</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->_componentConfig[<span style="color: #800080">$id</span>]) && <span style="color: #800080">$createIfNull</span><span style="color: #000000">) { </span><span style="color: #800080">$config</span>=<span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->_componentConfig[<span style="color: #800080">$id</span><span style="color: #000000">]; </span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span>(!<span style="color: #0000ff">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$config</span>['enabled']) || <span style="color: #800080">$config</span>['enabled'<span style="color: #000000">]) { Yii</span>::trace("Loading \"<span style="color: #800080">$id</span>\" application component",'system.CModule'<span style="color: #000000">); </span><span style="color: #0000ff">unset</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$config</span>['enabled'<span style="color: #000000">]); </span><span style="color: #800080">$component</span>=Yii::createComponent(<span style="color: #800080">$config</span><span style="color: #000000">); </span><span style="color: #800080">$component</span>-><span style="color: #000000">init(); </span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> <span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->_components[<span style="color: #800080">$id</span>]=<span style="color: #800080">$component</span><span style="color: #000000">; } } }</span>
执行了return $this->_components[$id]; id就是传进去的urlManager,其实从这里也还看不出什么,直接找到urlManager这个类,看parseUrl:
<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span> parseUrl(<span style="color: #800080">$request</span><span style="color: #000000">) { </span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->getUrlFormat()===self::<span style="color: #000000">PATH_FORMAT) { </span><span style="color: #800080">$rawPathInfo</span>=<span style="color: #800080">$request</span>-><span style="color: #000000">getPathInfo(); </span><span style="color: #800080">$pathInfo</span>=<span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->removeUrlSuffix(<span style="color: #800080">$rawPathInfo</span>,<span style="color: #800080">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000">urlSuffix); </span><span style="color: #0000ff">foreach</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->_rules <span style="color: #0000ff">as</span> <span style="color: #800080">$i</span>=><span style="color: #800080">$rule</span><span style="color: #000000">) { </span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span>(<span style="color: #008080">is_array</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$rule</span><span style="color: #000000">)) </span><span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->_rules[<strong>)本文来(源gaodai#ma#com搞@@代~&码*网2</strong><pre>搞代gaodaima码
$i]=$rule=Yii::createComponent($rule); if(($r=$rule->parseUrl($this,$request,$pathInfo,$rawPathInfo))!==false) return isset($_GET[$this->routeVar]) ? $_GET[$this->routeVar] : $r; } if($this->useStrictParsing) throw new CHttpException(404,Yii::t(‘yii’,’Unable to resolve the request “{route}”.’, array(‘{route}’=>$pathInfo))); else return $pathInfo; } elseif(isset($_GET[$this->routeVar])) return $_GET[$this->routeVar]; elseif(isset($_POST[$this->routeVar])) return $_POST[$this->routeVar]; else return ”; }
从上面的代码来看,如果我们不在url上传点东西,直接就return ”了。于是问题来了,参数要怎么传呢?
isset($_GET[$this-><span>routeVar]) <br /><br /></span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #800080">$routeVar</span>='r';
于是有办法了,让我们一起来使点坏吧。加上这样的一个参数helloworld/index.php?r=abc
发现报错了。说明abc这个控制器是不存在的,事实上也是不存在的,使点小坏坏而已,正所谓男人不坏,女人不爱。
改成helloworld/index.php?r=site就可以显示hello world了,这是什么鬼原理呢?原因很简单,因为定义了site控制器嘛。
<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span> SiteController <span style="color: #0000ff">extends</span><span style="color: #000000"> CController{ </span><span style="color: #008000">/*</span><span style="color: #008000">* * Index action is the default action in a controller. </span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span><span style="color: #000000"> actionIndex() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff">echo</span> 'Hello World'<span style="color: #000000">; }</span><span style="color: #000000">}</span>
好吧,这个我没有意见,但是actionIndex又是神么鬼?在yii中,这称为动作。它捕获的是控制器后面的参数,如果我们输?r=site/index就是index,动作是用“/”进行分隔的,为了验正一下我说的不是骗女孩子的鬼话,我在site控制器里加一个动作给你看一下:
<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span> SiteController <span style="color: #0000ff">extends</span><span style="color: #000000"> CController{ </span><span style="color: #008000">/*</span><span style="color: #008000">* * Index action is the default action in a controller. </span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span><span style="color: #000000"> actionIndex() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff">echo</span> 'Hello World'<span style="color: #000000">; } </span><span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span><span style="color: #000000"> actionView() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff">echo</span> 'Hello View'<span style="color: #000000">; }}</span>
访问?r=site/view的时候,是不是看到输出’Hello View’了呢?肯定是的,虽然我读的书少,但是你骗不了我的,有图有真相:
我一点儿也不喜欢用site这个名字,test才是我的最爱,于是我又建了一个test控制器来尝试一下。
眼尖的一定看到怎么写了一个actions,这是什么鬼?我也是刚试了才知道,它其实是另一种表示方式。
我记得在blog那个例子中有用过,用来显示验证码:
<span style="color: #008000">/*</span><span style="color: #008000">* * Declares class-based actions. </span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span><span style="color: #000000"> actions() { </span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">array</span><span style="color: #000000">( </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> captcha action renders the CAPTCHA image displayed on the contact page</span> 'captcha'=><span style="color: #0000ff">array</span><span style="color: #000000">( </span>'class'=>'CCaptchaAction', 'backColor'=>0xFFFFFF,<span style="color: #000000"> )</span>, <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> page action renders "static" pages stored under 'protected/views/site/pages' // They can be accessed via: index.php?r=site/page&view=FileName</span> 'page'=><span style="color: #0000ff">array</span><span style="color: #000000">( </span>'class'=>'CViewAction',<span style="color: #000000"> )</span>,<span style="color: #000000"> ); }</span>
我把它理解为集中声明第三方业务的动作集合,因为本控制器内的动作,我觉得还是action+ID 的方式直接。
什么鬼?你说我用的是index.php/site/captcha 而不是index.php?r=site/captcha .这又得从配置文件说起。
'urlManager'=><span style="color: #0000ff">array</span><span style="color: #000000">( </span>'urlFormat'=>'path', 'rules'=><span style="color: #0000ff">array</span><span style="color: #000000">( </span>'post//<title>'=>'post/view', 'posts/'=>'post/index', '/'=>'/',<span style="color: #000000"> )</span>,<span style="color: #000000"> )</span>,
urlFormat 有path 和 get两种,如果在main.php中没有指定,那么就是get方式,也就是index.php?r=site/captcha这种。如果指定了,即index.php/site/captcha这种
从字面上也很好理解,path就是像路径的格式,get就是?这种形式。
关于路由和控制器部分的内容还有很多,但是本节就到这里了。