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> 数据库 > mysql > rm-rf误操作的恢复过程

rm-rf误操作的恢复过程

mysql 搞代码 4年前 (2022-01-09) 40次浏览 已收录 0个评论

很多DBA一定对rm -rf深恶痛绝吧，没准哪天自己一个犯迷糊就把数据库给消灭了，然后，就没有然后了那万一真的发生了这样的不幸，是否真的就无药可救了吗？未必，还是有解决方法的，也许某天当你不幸遇到，就可以用来救自己了。这里做恢复操作的前提是没有可用

很多DBA一定对rm -rf深恶痛绝吧，没准哪天自己一个犯迷糊就把数据库给消灭了，然后，就没有然后了……那万一……真的发生了这样的不幸，是否真的就无药可救了吗？未必，还是有解决方法的，也许某天当你不幸遇到，就可以用来救自己了。这里做恢复操作的前提是没有可用的rman备份，或者数据库冷备份等，也就是说，没有任何备份。

一、登陆SQLPLUS，并启动数据库

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 – Production on Mon Aug 25 12:37:50 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 1218992 bytes
Variable Size 96470608 bytes
Database Buffers 184549376 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

–查看实例初始化状态
SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS
————
OPEN

–查看实例名
SQL> show parameter name;

NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string ora10g
db_unique_name string ora10g
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string ora10g
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
service_names string ora10g
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 – Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

二、模拟rm -rf误操作

[oracle@ora10g ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata
[oracle@ora10g oradata]$ ll
total 4
drwxr-x— 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 25 11:15 ora10g
[oracle@ora10g oradata]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/oradata
[oracle@ora10g oradata]$ rm -rf ora10g
[oracle@ora10g oradata]$ exit
logout

[root@ora10g ~]# su – oracle
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 – Production on Mon Aug 25 12:43:58 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 – Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> select count(*) from dba_objects;
select count(*) from dba_objects
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 1
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora10g/system01.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

SQL> select count(*) from dba_segments;
select count(*) from dba_segments
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 1
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora10g/system01.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

由于数据文件都被删除，其中包括system01.dbf，是存放数据字典的容器，想要再访问数据字典中得视图，当然是不可能的了，所以这里会报错，找不到文件，故障出现

–查看alert.log日志文件
[root@ora10g ~]# tailf /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora10g/bdump/alert_ora10g.log
ARCH shutting down
ARC2: Archival stopped
Mon Aug 25 12:45:38 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora10g/bdump/ora10g_j000_3037.trc:
ORA-12012: error on auto execute of job 1
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 2
ORA-01110: data file 2: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora10g/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Mon Aug 25 12:46:43 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora10g/bdump/ora10g_j000_3070.trc:
ORA-12012: error on auto execute of job 1
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 2
ORA-01110: data file 2: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora10g/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

–查看dbwr进程，判断需要恢复文件句柄所在目录
SQL> !ps -ef|grep ora_dbw
oracle 2912 1 0 12:37 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_ora10g
oracle 3078 3032 0 12:48 pts/3 00:00:00 /bin/bash -c ps -ef|grep ora_dbw
oracle 3080 3078 0 12:48 pts/3 00:00:00 grep ora_dbw

其实这个时候，所有oracle的进程都还在，都是以ora_开头的都是oracle的后台进程：
SQL> !ps -ef|grep ora_
oracle 2906 1 0 12:37 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_ora10g
oracle 2908 1 0 12:37 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_ora10g
oracle 2910 1 0 12:37 ? 00:00:00 ora_mman_ora10g
oracle 2912 1 0 12:37 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_ora10g
oracle 2914 1 0 12:37 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_ora10g
oracle 2916 1 0 12:37 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_ora10g
oracle 2918 1 0 12:38 ? 00:00:01 ora_smon_ora10g
oracle 2920 1 0 12:38 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_ora10g
oracle 2922 1 0 12:38 ? 00:00:00 ora_cjq0_ora10g
oracle 2924 1 0 12:38 ? 00:00:01 ora_mmon_ora10g
oracle 2926 1 0 12:38 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_ora10g
oracle 2928 1 0 12:38 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_ora10g
oracle 2930 1 0 12:38 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_ora10g
oracle 2934 1 0 12:38 ? 00:00:00 ora_arc0_ora10g
oracle 2936 1 0 12:38 ? 00:00:00 ora_arc1_ora10g
oracle 2941 1 0 12:38 ? 00:00:00 ora_qmnc_ora10g
oracle 2943 1 0 12:38 ? 00:00:00 ora_q000_ora10g
oracle 2945 1 0 12:38 ? 00:00:00 ora_q001_ora10g
oracle 3077 1 0 12:48 ? 00:00:00 ora_j000_ora10g
oracle 3085 3032 0 12:49 pts/3 00:00:00 /bin/bash -c ps -ef|grep ora_
oracle 3087 3085 0 12:49 pts/3 00:00:00 /bin/bash -c ps -ef|grep ora_

由此可知，我们需要的被删除的文件句柄在/proc/2912/fd下

三、开始恢复误删除的文件

–恢复数据文件和控制文件
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 – Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ cd /proc/2912
[oracle@ora10g 2912]$ ll
total 0
dr-xr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 attr
-r——– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 auxv
-r–r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:48 cmdline
-rw-r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 coredump_filter
-r–r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 cpuset
lrwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 cwd -> /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs
-r——– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 environ
lrwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 exe -> /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/oracle
dr-x—— 2 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 fd
-r——– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 limits
-rw-r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 loginuid
-r–r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:37 maps
-rw——- 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 mem
-r–r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 mounts
-r——– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 mountstats
-rw-r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 oom_adj
-r–r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 oom_score
lrwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 root -> /
-r–r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 schedstat
-r——– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 smaps
-r–r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:37 stat
-r–r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 statm
-r–r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:48 status
dr-xr-xr-x 3 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 task
-r–r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 25 12:51 wchan
[oracle@ora10g 2912]$ cd fd
[oracle@ora10g fd]$ ls -ltr
total 0
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 0 -> /dev/null
l-wx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 6 -> /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora10g/bdump/alert_ora10g.log
l-wx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 5 -> /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora10g/udump/ora10g_ora_2904.trc
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 4 -> /dev/null
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 3 -> /dev/null
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 2 -> /dev/null
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 1 -> /dev/null
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 9 -> /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora10g.dat
l-wx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 8 -> /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora10g/bdump/alert_ora10g.log
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 7 -> /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/lkinstora10g (deleted)
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 23 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora10g/temp01.dbf (deleted)
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 22 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora10g/example01.dbf (deleted)
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 21 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora10g/users01.dbf (deleted)
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 20 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora10g/sysaux01.dbf (deleted)
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 19 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora10g/undotbs01.dbf (deleted)
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 18 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora10g/system01.dbf (deleted)
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 17 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora10g/control03.ctl (deleted)
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 16 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora10g/control02.ctl (deleted)
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 15 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora10g/control01.ctl (deleted)
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 14 -> /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/lkORA10G
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 13 -> /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora10g.dat
lr-x—— 1 oracle o本文来源gao($daima.com搞@代@#码(网5install 64 Aug 25 12:51 12 -> /dev/zero
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 11 -> /dev/zero
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 Aug 25 12:51 10 -> /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora10g/adump/ora_2904.aud
[oracle@ora10g fd]$

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