数据库对层次结构的处理模型有好多种,可以根据自己的需求来设计模型,当然最简单的也是最容易设计的模型就是所谓的邻接模型。在这方面,其他数据库比如Oracle提
数据库对层次结构的处理模型有好多种,可以根据自己的需求来设计模型,,当然最简单的也是最容易设计的模型就是所谓的邻接模型。在这方面,其他数据库比如Oracle 提供了现成的分析方法 connect by,而MySQL在这方面就显得有些薄弱了。 不过可以用MySQL的存储过程实现ORACLE类似的分析功能
这样,先来创建一个简单的数表。
create table country ( id number(2) not null, name varchar(60) not null);create table country_relation (id number(2), parentid number(2));
插入一些数据
— Table country.insert into country (id,name) values (0,’Earth’);insert into country (id,name) values (2,’North America’);insert into country (id,name) values (3,’South America’);insert into country (id,name) values (4,’Europe’);insert into country (id,name) values (5,’Asia’);insert into country (id,name) values (6,’Africa’);insert into country (id,name) values (7,’Australia’);insert into country (id,name) values (8,’Canada’);insert into country (id,name) values (9,’Central America’);insert into country (id,name) values (10,’Island Nations’);insert into country (id,name) values (11,’United States’);insert into country (id,name) values (12,’Alabama’);insert into country (id,name) values (13,’Alaska’);insert into country (id,name) values (14,’Arizona’);insert into country (id,name) values (15,’Arkansas’);insert into country (id,name) values (16,’California’);– Table country_relation.insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (0,NULL);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (2,0);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (3,0);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (4,0);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (5,0);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (6,0);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (7,0);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values来源gaodaimacom搞#^代%!码网 (8,2);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (9,2);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (10,2);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (11,2);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (12,11);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (13,11);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (14,11);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (15,11);insert into country_relation (id,parentid) values (16,11);
在Oracle 里面,对这些操作就比较简单了,都是系统提供的。
比如下面四种情形:
1). 查看深度,
select max(level) “level” from COUNTRY_RELATION a start with a.parentid is NULLconnect by PRIOR a.id = a.PARENTIDorder by level; level———- 4已用时间: 00: 00: 00.03
2). 查看叶子节点
select name from (select b.name, connect_by_isleaf “isleaf”from COUNTRY_RELATION a inner join country b on (a.id = b.id) start with a.parentid is NULL connect by prior a.id = a.PARENTID ) T where T.”isleaf” = 1;NAME————————————————–CanadaCentral AmericaIsland NationsAlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaSouth AmericaEuropeAsiaAfricaAustralia已选择13行。已用时间: 00: 00: 00.01
3) 查看ROOT节点
select connect_by_root b.namefrom COUNTRY_RELATION a inner join country b on (a.id = b.id) start with a.parentid is NULL connect by a.id = a.PARENTID CONNECT_BY_ROOTB.NAME————————————————–Earth已用时间: 00: 00: 00.01
4). 查看路径
select sys_connect_by_path(b.name,’/’) “path” from COUNTRY_RELATION a inner join country b on (a.id = b.id) start with a.parentid is NULL connect by prior a.id = a.PARENTID order by level,a.id;path————————————————–/Earth/Earth/North America/Earth/South America/Earth/Europe/Earth/Asia/Earth/Africa/Earth/Australia/Earth/North America/Canada/Earth/North America/Central America/Earth/North America/Island Nations/Earth/North America/United States/Earth/North America/United States/Alabama/Earth/North America/United States/Alaska/Earth/North America/United States/Arizona/Earth/North America/United States/Arkansas/Earth/North America/United States/California已选择16行。已用时间: 00: 00: 00.01
接下来我们看看在MySQL 里面如何实现上面四种情形:
前三种都比较简单,可以很容易写出SQL。