mysql的group by语法可以根据指定的规则对数据进行分组,分组就是将一个数据集划分成若干个小区域,然后再针对若干个小区域进行数据处理。本文将介绍mysql使用group by分组时,实现组内排序的方法。
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mysql的group by语法可以对数据进行分组,但是分组后的数据并不能进行组内排序。
例如一个评论表有多个用户评论,需要获取每个用户最后评论的内容。
创建测试数据表及数据
CREATE TABLE `comment` ( `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `user_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL, `content` varchar(200) NOT NULL, `addtime` datetime NOT NULL, `lastmodify` datetime NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `user_id` (`user_id`), KEY `addtime` (`addtime`), KEY `uid_addtime` (`user_id`,`addtime`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;INSERT INTO `comment` (`id`, `user_id`, `content`, `addtime`, `lastmodify`) VALUES(1, 1, '评论1', '2017-05-17 00:00:00', '2017-05-17 00:00:00'),(2, 1, '评论2', '2017-05-17 00:00:01', '2017-05-17 00:00:01'),(3, 2, '评论1', '2017-05-17 00:00:02', '2017-05-17 00:00:02'),(4, 2, '评论2', '2017-05-17 00:00:03', '2017-05-17 00:00:03'),(5, 3, '评论1', '2017-05-17 00:00:04', '2017-05-17 00:00:04'),(6, 1, '评论3', '20<div>本文来源gaodai.ma#com搞##代!^码@网3</div>17-05-17 00:00:05', '2017-05-17 00:00:05'),(7, 4, '评论1', '2017-05-17 00:00:06', '2017-05-17 00:00:06'),(8, 4, '评论2', '2017-05-17 00:00:07', '2017-05-17 00:00:07'),(9, 4, '评论3', '2017-05-17 00:00:08', '2017-05-17 00:00:08'),(10, 4, '评论4', '2017-05-17 00:00:09', '2017-05-17 00:00:09'),(11, 3, '评论2', '2017-05-17 00:00:10', '2017-05-17 00:00:10');select * from comment;+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+| id | user_id | content | addtime | lastmodify |+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+| 1 | 1 | 评论1 | 2017-05-17 00:00:00 | 2017-05-17 00:00:00 || 2 | 1 | 评论2 | 2017-05-17 00:00:01 | 2017-05-17 00:00:01 || 3 | 2 | 评论1 | 2017-05-17 00:00:02 | 2017-05-17 00:00:02 || 4 | 2 | 评论2 | 2017-05-17 00:00:03 | 2017-05-17 00:00:03 || 5 | 3 | 评论1 | 2017-05-17 00:00:04 | 2017-05-17 00:00:04 || 6 | 1 | 评论3 | 2017-05-17 00:00:05 | 2017-05-17 00:00:05 || 7 | 4 | 评论1 | 2017-05-17 00:00:06 | 2017-05-17 00:00:06 || 8 | 4 | 评论2 | 2017-05-17 00:00:07 | 2017-05-17 00:00:07 || 9 | 4 | 评论3 | 2017-05-17 00:00:08 | 2017-05-17 00:00:08 || 10 | 4 | 评论4 | 2017-05-17 00:00:09 | 2017-05-17 00:00:09 || 11 | 3 | 评论2 | 2017-05-17 00:00:10 | 2017-05-17 00:00:10 |+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+
在comment表中,每个用户最后评论的内容就是id为6,4,11,10的记录。
使用group by查询
select * from comment group by user_id;+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+| id | user_id | content | addtime | lastmodify |+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+| 1 | 1 | 评论1 | 2017-05-17 00:00:00 | 2017-05-17 00:00:00 || 3 | 2 | 评论1 | 2017-05-17 00:00:02 | 2017-05-17 00:00:02 || 5 | 3 | 评论1 | 2017-05-17 00:00:04 | 2017-05-17 00:00:04 || 7 | 4 | 评论1 | 2017-05-17 00:00:06 | 2017-05-17 00:00:06 |+----+---------+---------+---------------------+---------------------+