前言
从 MySQL5.7.11开始,MySQL对InnoDB支持存储在单独表空间中的表的数据加密 。此功能为物理表空间数据文件提供静态加密。该加密是在引擎内部数据页级别的加密手段,在数据页写入文件系统时加密,加密用的是AES算法,而其解密是在从文件读到内存中时进行。
1 配置加密插件
1.1 修改配置文件
在mysql配置文件【mysqld】x项中添加如下内容
plugin_dir=/usr/local/mysql5.7/lib/mysql/plugin # 插件路径,根据实际情况修改 early-plugin-load="keyring_file.so" # 加密插件 keyring_file_data=/data/mysql3306/keyring/keyring # 路径不存在,需要创建 innodb_file_per_table=1 # 只作用于独立表空间
1.2 创建加密所需的路径并配置权限
创建时要注意 ,keyring_file_data 里配置的keyring会在启动时自动创建,本步骤中创建到对应目录即可
mkdir -p /data/mysql3306/keyring/ chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql3306/keyring/ chmod 750 /data/mysql3306/keyring
1.3 重启MySQL
重启mysql即可,启动后会发现注意/data/mysql3306/keyring 目录下生成了 keyring文件
注意,重启后也要看一下mysql错误日志里有没有相关错误信息,如果没有错误则继续进行
1.4 查看插件状态
启动后可以查看插件是否生效
mysql> SELECT PLUGIN_NAME, PLUGIN_STATUS, PLUGIN_Type,PLUGIN_Library FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PLUGINS WHERE PLUGIN_NAME LIKE 'keyring_file'; +--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+ | PLUGIN_NAME | PLUGIN_STATUS | PLUGIN_Type | PLUGIN_Library | +--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+ | keyring_file | ACTIVE | KEYRING | keyring_file.so | +--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
或者用 show plugins命令查看
2 测试加密表空间
2.1 创建加密的新表
创建一张新表,并添加ENCRYPTION=’Y’ ,加密表空间
mysql> create table test1( id int primary key auto_increment, name varchar(20), key name(name)) ENCRYPTION='Y'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
此时,keyring文件也会有变化
2.2 新增数据
向新增的测试表里添加测试数据,并查看
mysql> insert into test1(id,name) values(1,'anm'),(2,'keyring'); Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from test1; +----+---------+ | id | name | +----+---------+ | 1 | anm | | 2 | keyring | +----+---------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2.3修改是否加密
测试取消表空间加密
mysql> show create table test1; +-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Table | Create Table | +-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | test1 | CREATE TABLE `test1` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `name` (`name`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 ENCRYPTION='Y' | +-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> alter table test1 ENCRYPTION='N'; Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.04 sec) Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> show create table test1; +-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Table | Create Table | +-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | test1 | CREATE TABLE `test1` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `name` (`name`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 ENCRYPTION='N' | +-------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------<strong style="color:transparent">本文来源gaodai#ma#com搞@@代~&码*网/</strong>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from test1; +----+---------+ | id | name | +----+---------+ | 1 | anm | | 2 | keyring | +----+---------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)