java读取解析xml文件实例

这篇文章主要介绍了java读取解析xml文件实例,本文创建了一个XML解析类同时讲解了循环节点输出方式,需要的朋友可以参考下

读取本地的xml文件，通过DOM进行解析，DOM解析的特点就是把整个xml文件装载入内存中，形成一颗DOM树形结构，树结构是方便遍历和和操纵。

DOM解析的特性就是读取xml文件转换为 dom树形结构，通过节点进行遍历。

这是W3c关于节点的概念

如果xml中包含有大量的数据，由于dom一次性把xml装入内存中的特性，所以dom不适合于包含大量数据的xml解析。当包含有大量xml的时候，用SAX进行解析比较节省内存。

下面是一个运用DOM进行解析xml文件的例子：

xml文件结构如下：

    <title>Everyday Italian</title>Giada De Laurentiis200530.00 <title>Harry Potter</title>J K. Rowling200529.99 <title>XQuery Kick Start</title>James McGovern200349.99 <title>Learning XML</title>Erik T. Ray200339.95

创建解析xml的类如下：

 package xml.dom; import java.io.File; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.Element; import org.w3c.dom.Node; import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; public class ReadXmlFile { public static void main(String[] args) { try{ File xmlFile = new File("src/resource/book.xml"); DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); DocumentBuilder builder = builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder(); Document doc = builder.parse(xmlFile); doc.getDocumentElement().normalize(); System.out.println("Root element: "+doc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName()); NodeList nList = doc.getElementsByTagName("book"); for(int i = 0 ; i<nList.getLength();i++){ Node node = nList.item(i); System.out.println("Node name: "+ node.getNodeName()); Element ele = (Element)node; System.out.println("----------------------------"); if(node.getNodeType() == Element.ELEMENT_NODE){ System.out.println("book category: "+ ele.getAttribute("category")); System.out.println("title name: "+ ele.getElementsByTagName("title").item(0).getTextContent()); System.out.println("author name: "+ele.getElementsByTagName("author").item(0).getTextContent()); System.out.println("year :"+ele.getElementsByTagName("year").item(0).getTextContent()); System.out.println("price : "+ele.getElementsByTagName("price").item(0).getTextContent()); System.out.println("-------------------------"); } }

解析结果：

 Root element: bookstore Node name: book ---------------------------- book category: cooking title name: Everyday Italian author name: Giada De Laurentiis year :2005 price : 30.00 ------------------------- Node name: book ---------------------------- book category: children title name: Harry Potter author name: J K. Rowling year :2005 price : 29.99 ------------------------- Node name: book ---------------------------- book category: web title name: XQuery Kick Start author name: James McGovern year :2003 price : 49.99 ------------------------- Node name: book ---------------------------- book category: web title name: Learning XML author name: Erik T. Ray year :2003 price : 39.95 -------------------------

以上是通过name获得对应的值，
下面利用循环节点的方式输出：
循环节点输出方式的代码如下：

 package xml.dom; import java.io.File; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap; import org.w3c.dom.Node; import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; public class ReadXmlFile2 { public static void main(String[] args) { try{ File xmlFile = new File("src/resource/book.xml"); DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); DocumentBuilder builder = builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder(); Document doc = builder.parse(xmlFile); doc.getDocumentElement().normalize(); System.out.println("Root element: "+doc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName()); if(doc.hasChildNodes()){ printNode(doc.getChildNodes()); } }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void printNode(NodeList nodeList){ System.out.println("------------------------"); // System.out.println(nodeList.getLength()); for(int i = 0; i<nodeList.getLength(); i++){ Node node = (Node)nodeList.item(i); if(node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE){ System.out.println("node name: "+node.getNodeName()); System.out.println("node value: "+node.getTextContent()); if(node.hasAttributes()){ NamedNodeMap nodeMap = node.getAttributes(); for(int j = 0; j <nodeMap.getLength() ; j++){ Node nodenew = nodeMap.item(j); System.out.println("node name "+nodenew.getNodeName()); System.out.println("node value "+nodenew.getNodeValue()); } } if(node.hasChildNodes()){ printNode(node.getChildNodes()); } } } } }

输出结果如下：

 Root element: bookstore ------------------------ node name: bookstore node value: Everyday Italian Giada De Laurentiis 2005 30.00 Harry Potter J K. Rowling 2005 29.99 XQuery Kick Start James McGovern 2003 49.99 Learning XML Erik T. Ray 2003 39.95 ------------------------ node name: book node value: Everyday Italian Giada De Laurentiis 2005 30.00 node name category node value cooking ------------------------ node name: title node value: Everyday Italian node name lang node value en ------------------------ node name: author node value: Giada De Laurentiis ------------------------ node name: year node value: 2005 ------------------------ node name: price node value: 30.00 ------------------------ node name: book node value: Harry Potter J K. Rowling 2005 29.99 node name category node value children ------------------------ node name: title node value: Harry Potter node name lang node value en ------------------------ node name: author node value: J K. Rowling ------------------------ node name: year node value: 2005 ------------------------ node name: price node value: 29.99 ------------------------ node name: book node value: XQuery Kick Start James McGovern 2003 49.99 node name category node value web ------------------------ node name: title node value: XQuery Kick Start node name lang node value en ------------------------ node name: author node value: James McGovern ------------------------ node name: year node value: 2003 ------------------------ node name: price node value: 49.99 ------------------------ node name: book node value: Learning XML Erik T. Ray 2003 39.95 node name category node value web node name cover node value paperback ------------------------ node name: title node value: Learning XML node name lang node value en ------------------------ node name: author node value: Erik T. Ray ------------------------ node name: year node value: 2003 ------------------------ node name: price node value: 39.95 ------------------------

关于节点的问题：

  <title>Everyday Italian</title>Giada De Laurentiis200530.00

对于 book应用：doc.getChildNodes() 得到一个NodeList其中NodeList的长度为9
9个节点分别如下：
title节点
lang节点
Everyday节点
author节点
Giada De Laurentiis节点
来源gaodaimacom搞#代%码网 year节点
2005节点
price节点
30.00节点

PS：这里再为大家提供几款关于xml操作的在线工具供大家参考使用：

在线XML/JSON互相转换工具：
http://tools.gaodaima.com/code/xmljson

在线格式化XML/在线压缩XML：
http://tools.gaodaima.com/code/xmlformat

XML在线压缩/格式化工具：
http://tools.gaodaima.com/code/xml_format_compress

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