matplotlib交互式数据光标mpldatacursor的实现

pip install mpldatacursor

try:
  # Again, older versions of mpl
  return formatter.pprint_val(x)
except AttributeError:
  # 3.3.0 or later
  return formatter.format_data_short(x)

python setup.py install

mpldatacursor
   convenience.py
   datacursor.py
   pick_info.py
   __init__.py

def datacursor(artists=None, axes=None, **kwargs):
  """
  Create an interactive data cursor for the specified artists or specified
  axes. The data cursor displays information about a selected artist in a
  "popup" annotation box.

  If a specific sequence of artists is given, only the specified artists will
  be interactively selectable. Otherwise, all manually-plotted artists in
  *axes* will be used (*axes* defaults to all axes in all figures).

  Parameters
  -----------
  artists : a matplotlib artist or sequence of artists, optional
    The artists to make selectable and display information for. If this is
    not specified, then all manually plotted artists in `axes` will be
    used.
  axes : a matplotlib axes of sequence of axes, optional
    The axes to selected artists from if a sequence of artists is not
    specified. If `axes` is not specified, then all available axes in all
    figures will be used.
  tolerance : number, optional
    The radius (in points) that the mouse click must be within to select
    the artist. Default: 5 points.
  formatter : callable, optional
    A function that accepts arbitrary kwargs and returns a string that will
    be displayed with annotate. Often, it is convienent to pass in the
    format method of a template string, e.g.
    ``formatter="{label}".format``.
    Keyword arguments passed in to the `formatter` function:
      `x`, `y` : floats
        The x and y data coordinates of the clicked point
      `event` : a matplotlib ``PickEvent``
        The pick event that was fired (note that the selected
        artist can be accessed through ``event.artist``).
      `label` : string or None
        The legend label of the selected artist.
      `ind` : list of ints or None
        If the artist has "subitems" (e.g. points in a scatter or
        line plot), this will be a list of the item(s) that were
        clicked on. If the artist does not have "subitems", this
        will be None. Note that this is always a list, even when
        a single item is selected.
    Some selected artists may supply additional keyword arguments that
    are not always present, for example:
      `z` : number
        The "z" (usually color or array) value, if present. For an
        ``AxesImage`` (as created by ``imshow``), this will be the
        uninterpolated array value at the point clicked. For a
        ``PathCollection`` (as created by ``scatter``) this will be the
        "c" value if an array was passed to "c".
      `i`, `j` : ints
        The row, column indicies of the selected point for an
        ``AxesImage`` (as created by ``imshow``)
      `s` : number
        The size of the selected item in a ``PathCollection`` if a size
        array is specified.
      `c` : number
        The array value displayed as color for a ``PathCollection``
        if a "c" array is specified (identical to "z").
      `point_label` : list
        If `point_labels` is given when the data cursor is initialized
        and the artist has "subitems", this will be a list of the items
        of `point_labels` that correspond to the selected artists.
        Note that this is always a list, even when a single artist is
        selected.
      `width`, `height`, `top`, `bottom` : numbers
        The parameters for ``Rectangle`` artists (e.g. bar plots).
  point_labels : sequence or dict, optional
    For artists with "subitems" (e.g. Line2D's), the item(s) of
    `point_labels` corresponding to the selected "subitems" of the artist
    will be passed into the formatter function as the "point_label" kwarg.
    If a single sequence is given, it will be used for all artists with
    "subitems". Alternatively, a dict of artist:sequence pairs may be given
    to match an artist to the correct series of point labels.
  display : {"one-per-axes", "single", "multiple"}, optional
    Controls whether more than one annotation box will be shown.
    Default: "one-per-axes"
  draggable : boolean, optional
    Controls whether or not the annotation box will be interactively
    draggable to a new location after being displayed. Defaults to False.
  hover : boolean, optional
    If True, the datacursor will "pop up" when the mouse hovers over an
    artist. Defaults to False. Enabling hover also sets
    `display="single"` and `draggable=False`.
  props_override : function, optional
    If specified, this function customizes the parameters passed into the
    formatter function and the x, y location that the datacursor "pop up"
    "points" to. This is often useful to make the annotation "point" to a
    specific side or corner of an artist, regardless of the position
    clicked. The function is passed the same kwargs as the `formatter`
    function and is expected to return a dict with at least the keys "x"
    and "y" (and probably several others).
    Expected call signature: `props_dict = props_override(**kwargs)`
  keybindings : boolean or dict, optional
    By default, the keys "d" and "t" will be bound to deleting/hiding all
    annotation boxes and toggling interactivity for datacursors,
    respectively. If keybindings is False, the ability to hide/toggle
    datacursors interactively will be disabled. Alternatively, a dict of
    the form {'hide':'somekey', 'toggle':'somekey'} may specified to
    customize the keyboard shortcuts.
  date_format : string, optional
    The strftime-style formatting string for dates. Used only if the x or y
    axes have been set to display dates. Defaults to "%x %X".
  display_button: int, optional
    The mouse button that will triggers displaying an annota<i>本文来源gaodai$ma#com搞$代*码网2</i>tion box.
    Defaults to 1, for left-clicking. (Common options are 1:left-click,
    2:middle-click, 3:right-click)
  hide_button: int or None, optional
    The mouse button that triggers hiding the selected annotation box.
    Defaults to 3, for right-clicking. (Common options are 1:left-click,
    2:middle-click, 3:right-click, None:hiding disabled)
  keep_inside : boolean, optional
    Whether or not to adjust the x,y offset to keep the text box inside the
    figure. This option has no effect on draggable datacursors. Defaults to
    True. Note: Currently disabled on OSX and NbAgg/notebook backends.
  **kwargs : additional keyword arguments, optional
    Additional keyword arguments are passed on to annotate.

  Returns
  -------
  dc : A ``mpldatacursor.DataCursor`` instance
  """

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from mpldatacursor import datacursor

data = np.outer(range(10), range(1, 5))

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
lines = ax.plot(data)
ax.set_title('Click somewhere on a line')

datacursor()

plt.show()